Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel, abbreviated as GOES, is a high-end variety of electrical steel with a highly ordered grain structure aligned along the rolling direction. It features extremely low core loss and very high magnetic flux density, while its transverse magnetic properties are relatively weaker. This strong anisotropy makes it an ideal choice for static electromagnetic equipment such as power transformers and large reactors. Zhongxin Special Steel supplies high-quality grain-oriented silicon steel for grid upgrades, renewable energy grid integration, rail transit, and other fields. Welcome to contact us for a free quote and samples.
Properties of Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel
Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel (GOES) is based on an iron (Fe) matrix, with added silicon (Si) and small amounts of copper (Cu), tin (Sn), and other alloying elements. The silicon content is controlled within 2.8%–4.2%. The material surface is coated with an insulating layer and a tension coating. Silicon significantly reduces eddy current loss, while the tension coating effectively suppresses magnetostriction and reduces core noise. Furthermore, a high-temperature annealing process forms a well-developed Goss texture ({110}<001>), which aligns the magnetic domains highly consistently along the rolling direction, thereby achieving excellent unidirectional magnetic permeability.
Mechanical Properties
GOES produced by Zhongxin exhibits mechanical properties that match its magnetic performance, balancing processability with core stacking stability.
Tensile strength is stable within 330–380 MPa, yield strength ≥280 MPa, ensuring shear edges are not easily deformed.
The material has an appropriate level of brittleness control; after repeated bending, the surface coating does not peel off and no microcracks appear in the base material.
Vickers hardness is distributed between 160–200 HV, with batch-to-batch fluctuation ≤5%, ensuring long-term consistency in slitting and shearing processes.
The insulating coating has excellent wear resistance; after 10,000 cycles of high-speed stamping simulation, the insulation resistance decrease is ≤8%, effectively resisting scratch risks during processing.
Electromagnetic Properties
- Electromagnetic properties are the core competitiveness of GOES. Zhongxin GOES targets “lower loss, higher flux,” helping transformer manufacturers easily meet GB 20052 Tier 1 energy efficiency and EU EcoDesign standards.
- Magnetic flux density B₈ (at 800 A/m) ≥1.92 T: High magnetic induction means the core cross-section can be reduced by 10%–15% for the same power, significantly reducing copper and steel usage.
- Core loss P₁.₇/₅₀ as low as 0.75 W/kg (0.23mm thin gauge): No-load loss is about 20% lower than conventional products. Based on a 10kV/630kVA transformer operating 8760 hours per year, this saves over 3000 kWh annually.
- Magnetostriction coefficient ≤8×10⁻⁶: Core operating noise is stably controlled below 52dB, fully meeting the requirements for silent equipment in residential areas and commercial complexes.
- Excellent high-temperature aging performance: After 30 years of continuous operation in a 120°C oil-immersed environment, core loss increases by no more than 8%, and flux density decreases by less than 2%.
Processability
- Zhongxin grain-oriented silicon steel is specifically designed for automated, high-precision processing of transformer cores.
- Surface flatness ≤0.3% (waviness), transverse thickness deviation ≤0.004mm – ready for high-speed slitting lines without manual leveling.
- Shear edge burr height ≤0.015mm, 30% better than industry standard, significantly reducing lamination gaps and improving stacking factor (≥0.97).
- Coating temperature resistance up to 850°C – customers can perform stress relief annealing without damaging insulation performance.
- Pre-slitting service: direct cutting into required strips or sheets according to customer core drawings, saving equipment investment and processing time.
Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel for Sale
Zhongxin Special Steel, located in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, is a modern enterprise focused on the R&D and manufacturing of high-permeability grain-oriented silicon steel. With a short-process, high-consistency production philosophy, we deliver stable-performance, cost-effective GOES products to global customers.
Specifications
- Thickness: 0.20mm, 0.23mm, 0.27mm, 0.30mm, 0.35mm (customizable to ±0.003mm)
- Width: 50mm – 1250mm (supports precision slitting, minimum width 20mm)
- Form: Coils (standard coil weight 2–8 tons), or cut-to-length sheets per customer requirements
- Tolerances: Thickness tolerance ±0.004mm, width tolerance ±0.03mm, diagonal tolerance ≤0.5mm/m
Grades
Zhongxin Special Steel’s products fully comply with IEC 60404-8-7, GB/T 2521-2017, and JIS C 2553 standards, with equivalent ASTM A876 grades also available. We offer both conventional GO and Hi-B (high-permeability) series.
Grade | Nominal Thickness (mm) | Max. Core Loss P₁.₇/₅₀ (W/kg) | Min. Flux Density B₈ (T) | Typical Applications |
20Q075 | 0.20 | 0.75 | 1.93 | Tier 1 energy efficiency large-capacity transformers |
23Q085 | 0.23 | 0.85 | 1.92 | High-efficiency oil-immersed distribution transformers |
27Q095 | 0.27 | 0.95 | 1.91 | Dry-type transformers, wind power box-type substations |
30Q110 | 0.30 | 1.10 | 1.89 | General power transformers, reactors |
35Q135 | 0.35 | 1.35 | 1.87 | Large industrial transformers, rectifier transformers |
Forms
- Coils: Large coils with few welds and uniform tension, suitable for high-speed slitting and cross-cutting lines.
- Sheets: Cut-to-size per customer drawings, smooth edges, ready for stacking.
- Strips: Precision-slit and bundled, convenient for small and medium-sized core manufacturers.
Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel Factory & Supplier
Zhongxin Special Steel’s factory is located in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, with a full production line including normalizing and pickling, 20-high cold rolling, continuous decarburization annealing, high-temperature bell annealing, and coating with hot flattening. Annual capacity is approximately 60,000 tons, ensuring a stable supply of high-end grain-oriented electrical steel.
Production Process
- Strict high-temperature annealing: Secondary recrystallization at over 1200°C in a pure hydrogen protective atmosphere, ensuring Goss texture occupancy ≥98%.
- Proprietary tension coating: Composite MgO + phosphate coating, sintered at high temperature to form a stable insulating layer and tensile stress layer, effectively reducing core loss by 5%–10%.
- Online magnetic performance testing: Each coil passes through an Epstein frame or single sheet tester; measured curves corresponding to the certificate are provided.
Quality Certifications
Certified to ISO 9001:2025, ISO 14001, IATF 16949 (partial lines). Products can be supplied with SGS test reports, material certificates, and origin certificates upon customer request. We strictly implement a full inspection process from magnetic properties to surface insulation resistance, ensuring every ton of GOES shipped meets the stated grade.
Packaging
Core coils are packed on wooden pallets with rust-preventive paper and iron-plastic composite wrapping, secured with high-strength strapping, suitable for long-distance sea and land transport. Waterproof labels on the outer packaging contain traceable information including grade, heat number, net weight, and dimensions.
Advantages & Applications of Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel
Zhongxin GOES offers four core advantages: high magnetic induction, extremely low loss, low noise, and high-temperature stability. It is widely used in electric power, new energy, and special power supply fields.
Advantages
High magnetic flux density (B₈ ≥1.89 T): Smaller core, lighter and smaller transformers, lower overall cost.
Ultra-low specific core loss: Core material for Tier 1 energy efficiency transformers, effectively reducing grid no-load losses.
Excellent coating adhesion: No coating powdering after 180° bending, good high-voltage breakdown resistance.
Low magnetostriction: Annual average core operating noise can be controlled within 55 dBA.
Good processing consistency: Magnetic performance fluctuation between batches ≤3%, stable stacking factor ≥0.965.
Application Areas
Power transformers: Large power transformers (110kV and above), distribution transformers (35kV and below)
Specialty transformers: Rectifier transformers, furnace transformers, mining explosion-proof transformers
Reactors: Shunt reactors, series reactors, smoothing reactors, arc suppression coils
Renewable energy systems: High-frequency transformers in photovoltaic inverters, step-up transformers for wind turbines, isolation transformers for energy storage systems
Rail transit: Traction transformers for high-speed rail, rectifier transformers for subways, auxiliary power transformers for rolling stock
Data centers: UPS isolation transformers
Charging infrastructure: High-frequency transformers in EV DC fast charging modules
Grain-Oriented Silicon Steel vs. Non-Oriented Electrical Steel
Aspect | Grain-Oriented (GOES) | Non-Oriented (NOES) |
Grain orientation | Highly aligned along rolling direction (Goss texture) | Randomly distributed |
Directionality of properties | Excellent in rolling direction, significantly lower transverse | Essentially uniform in all directions |
Suitable magnetic field type | Static / unidirectional DC or power frequency AC | Rotating or alternating direction |
Typical core loss range | 0.75–1.50 W/kg @1.7T/50Hz | 2.50–8.00 W/kg @1.5T/50Hz |
Typical flux density | B₈ ≥ 1.87T | B₅₀ ≈ 1.65–1.75T |
Most common thicknesses | 0.23mm / 0.27mm / 0.30mm | 0.35mm / 0.50mm / 0.65mm |
Core applications | Transformers, reactors | Motors, generators, compressors |
Wholesale and Customization of Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel
As a professional manufacturer of grain-oriented silicon steel, Zhongxin Special Steel supports small trial orders, container mixing, and annual long-term supply agreements, helping customers lower procurement barriers.
Factory Wholesale
Regular grades (23Q085, 27Q095, 30Q110) in stock, shipped within 48 hours of order.
Direct factory pricing, no intermediaries.
MOQ: 20 tons per specification for bulk pricing; LCL container shipments supported.
OEM / ODM Customization
Custom punching of special shapes and stepped lap sheets according to customer core drawings.
Optional coating colors and insulation grades (C0/C5/C6).
Supply of semi-finished (annealed, uncoated) or fully heat-treated finished products.
Joint development of dedicated GOES grades (e.g., low-magnetostriction, high-frequency) with motor/transformer manufacturers.
Customer Feedback
Zhongxin Special Steel’s grain-oriented silicon steel has been exported in bulk to over 30 countries and regions including Germany, Brazil, Turkey, South Korea, and Vietnam, and has been recognized as an approved supplier by many well-known transformer manufacturers. Customers commonly report ample magnetic performance margin, high dimensional accuracy, and fast after-sales response.
Need to select the right grain-oriented silicon steel grade for your transformer project?
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